Conveners
PNA: Particle and Nuclear Astrophysics: Isomers and Astromers
- Sanjay Reddy (University of Washington)
- Kate Grzywacz Jones (University of Tennessee Knoxville)
PNA: Particle and Nuclear Astrophysics: The Chemical History of the Early Universe
- Sanjay Reddy (University of Washington)
- Kate Grzywacz Jones (University of Tennessee Knoxville)
PNA: Particle and Nuclear Astrophysics: r-process and supernova nucleosynthesis
- Sanjay Reddy (University of Washington)
- Kate Grzywacz Jones (University of Tennessee Knoxville)
PNA: Particle and Nuclear Astrophysics: The transient sky
- Kate Grzywacz Jones (University of Tennessee Knoxville)
- Sanjay Reddy (University of Washington)
PNA: Particle and Nuclear Astrophysics: Neutrino Astrophysics
- Sanjay Reddy (University of Washington)
- Kate Grzywacz Jones (University of Tennessee Knoxville)
- Alessandra Lucà
PNA: Particle and Nuclear Astrophysics: Neutron Stars and mergers
- Alessandra Lucà
- Kate Grzywacz Jones (University of Tennessee Knoxville)
- Sanjay Reddy (University of Washington)
Description
Particle and Nuclear Astrophysics
The Gupta-Meyer treatment of nuclei with long-lived isomers computes the effective internal equilibration rate by assuming that the higher-lying nuclear levels, through which the ground and isomeric states communicate, are in steady-statel [1]. The effective rate for transition between the ensemble of states associated with the ground state and the ensemble of states associated with the...
The role of nuclear isomers in astrophysical nucleosynthesis is gaining increased attention, as reactions on ground and isomeric states are both potentially important for determining the reaction rates and flow within the reaction network. A particular case is the odd-odd N=Z nuclides in the sd-shell, which play an important role in breakout from the CNO cycle in nova nucleosynthesis,...
The Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI) is a 0.2-5 MeV gamma-ray telescope designed for spectroscopy, imaging, and polarimetry of astrophysical sources. With its excellent energy resolution and localization capabilities, COSI is uniquely equipped to study signatures of electron-positron annihilation at the heart of the Milky Way Galaxy, radioactive decays from stellar and explosive...
Recent experimental and theoretical nuclear physics results that connect to Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) will be reviewed. Motivations for new nuclear physics measurements are provided by precise astrophysical deuterium observations and the need to understand the BBN production of elements heavier than helium. These heavier elements (lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, etc...) may...
Neutrons play a dominant role in the stellar nucleosynthesis of heavy elements. We review a scheme for the experimental determinations of neutron-induced reaction cross sections using a high-intensity neutron source based on the 18O(p,n)18F reaction with an 18O-water target at SARAF’s upcoming Phase II. The quasi-Maxwellian neutron spectrum with effective thermal energy kT ≈ 5 keV,...
Time-dependent magnetic fields can be sourced by spinning neutron stars, orbiting binaries and merging neutron stars. We consider electromagnetic radiation from
axion condensates in the background of an alternating magnetic field. We find that a resonant peak in radiation can occur when the frequency of the alternating magnetic field is comparable with the axion mass scale. More...
The rapid neutron capture process, or r process, is expected to produce some of the heaviest elements observed to exist in nature. In the immediate aftermath of the r process in astrophysical environments, the nuclei produced are extremely neutron-rich and, therefore, undergo a long period of radioactive decay proceeding through a broad swath of the chart of nuclides, the effect of which can...
Core-collapse supernovae are one of the most complex phenomena in the universe. Not only are they one of the sites of the production of the heavy elements which enable the existence of life, but their cores are also one of the densest environments we can indirectly probe. At such densities, the matter may no longer consist only of hadronic degrees of freedom but undergo a phase transition to...
We present high statistics measurements of 15 cosmic ray nuclei, H to Si and Fe, based on 10 years of the AMS data.
The $\beta$-decay study of indium-133 provides a unique connection between nuclear structure and astrophysics. On one hand, $^{133}$In is a perfect $\beta$-decay demonstrator of r-process nuclei in the vicinity of $N=82$ owing to its extreme neutron-proton asymmetry and thus large $Q_{\beta}$ and $Q_{\beta n}$ windows. On the other hand, its decay daughter, $^{133}$Sn, is simple in its nuclear...
During classical nova nucleosynthesis, the 30P(p,gamma)31S reaction rate critically affects the mass flow into the A=30-40 range, impacting the abundances of isotopes of phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon. Direct measurement of the (p,γ) reaction is not currently possible due to insufficient beam intensities. The rate of this reaction depends on undetermined spectroscopic strengths of low-lying...
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a cubic kilometer detector located deep in the Antarctic ice, which has been operating in its full configuration since 2010. In 2013, IceCube discovered a diffuse flux of astrophysical neutrinos in the range of TeV to PeV energies. Since this discovery, there have been large efforts and gains in trying to: better understand the spectral shape of the flux,...
Announcing the dawn of a new era of multi-messenger astrophysics, the gravitational wave event GW170817 – involving the collision of two neutron stars – was detected in 2017. In addition to the gravitational wave signal, it was accompanied by electromagnetic counterparts providing new windows into the different physics probed by the system. Since then, several gravitational wave events...
The multi-messenger era offers a wealth of opportunities to constrain the nature of compact objects such as neutron stars. New insights on such objects directly impact our understanding of the extreme astrophysical events that produce the heaviest elements we see in nature. For instance, the first ever multi-messenger event involving gravitational waves, GW170817 and its electromagnetic (EM)...
We apply Bayesian approach to construct a large number of minimally constrained equations of state (EoSs) and study their correlations with a few selected properties of a neutron star (NS). Our set of minimal constraints includes a few basic properties of saturated nuclear matter and low density pure neutron
matter EoS which is obtained from a precise next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order...
ABSTRACT
Analogous to the Periodic Table of the Elements (PTE), the proposed non-scalar Periodic Table of the Three Families of Matter (PTM) is based upon a periodicity theory that every first family actual quark and baryon has a more massive virtual counterpart in the second and third families of matter. For example, the first family neutron (actual, with two down quarks and one up quark)...
