Conveners
NN: Nuclear Forces and Structure, NN Correlations, and Medium Effects: NN-1
- Stefano Gandolfi (Los Alamos National Laboratory)
NN: Nuclear Forces and Structure, NN Correlations, and Medium Effects: NN-2
- Evgeny Epelbaum (Ruhr-Universität Bochum)
NN: Nuclear Forces and Structure, NN Correlations, and Medium Effects: NN-4
- Renee Fatemi (University of Kentucky)
NN: Nuclear Forces and Structure, NN Correlations, and Medium Effects: NN-4
- Alessandra Lucà
- Douglas Higinbotham (Jefferson Lab)
NN: Nuclear Forces and Structure, NN Correlations, and Medium Effects: NN-5
- Alexandra Gade
NN: Nuclear Forces and Structure, NN Correlations, and Medium Effects: NN-6
- Kevin Fossez
Description
Nuclear Forces and Structure, NN Correlations, and Medium Effects
The strong interaction between nucleons has been at the heart of nuclear physics since the very beginning of this field. Remarkable progress has been achieved in recent decades towards quantitative understanding of nuclear forces and currents in the framework of chiral effective field theory. Combined with ab-initio few-body methods, this approach opens the way for a systematically improvable...
The instability of hyperons against the weak interaction hinders the experimental extraction of baryon-baryon low-energy observables in the strange sector. In this energy regime, a reliable numerical procedure to obtain information of nuclear physics quantities is lattice QCD, a high-demanding numerical approach to solve the complex dynamics of strongly-interacting systems directly from the...
Recent years have seen enormous progress in ab initio approaches to the nuclear many-body problem, ranging from traditional coordinate and configuration-space methods to Lattice Effective Field Theory (EFT). EFT and renormalization group (RG) techniques have provided new systematic tools to treat the correlations in strongly interacting systems, and to inject ab initio ideas into methods that...
Many progresses have been made in developing nuclear Hamiltonians within the framework of chiral effective field theory. In particular, the develop of chiral interactions that are fully local opened the way of implementing these Hamiltonians in Quantum Monte Carlo calculations. The advantage of using Quantum Monte Carlo methods is that they are not limited to use soft interactions, and...
Neutron stars are cosmic laboratories uniquely poised to determine the nuclear equation of state (EOS). The historical detection of the binary neutron star merger GW170817 by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration and other critical observations since then are providing new insights into the nature of neutron-rich matter. In turn, the recent extraction of the neutron skin thickness of 208Pb by the PREX...
The development of radioactive ion beams (RIB) in the mid-eighties has enabled the exploration of regions of the nuclear landscape away from the valley of stability, uncovering nuclei with unexpected features. Halo nuclei exhibit among the most peculiar structures in the nuclear landscape. Unlike most nuclei, they have a very large matter radius compared to their isobars, that can be explained...
Much of what we know about high-energy components of nuclear structure comes from recent measurement campaigns at Jefferson Lab. Experiments from the 6 GeV era have provided precise results about short-range nucleon-nucleon correlations and their nuclear dependence. Additionally, an intriguing correlation was observed to measurements of modifications of nuclear quark distributions (EMC...
Jefferson Lab measurements of the EMC effect in light nuclei demonstrated that the nuclear modification of quark parton distribution functions (pdfs) does not simply scale with the mass or density of the nucleus, as previously assumed, but is sensitive to microscopic details of the nuclear structure. In addition, it showed that the connection between the EMC effect and the presence of...
Understanding the modification of quarks in nucleons within nuclei (EMC effect) is a longstanding open question in nuclear physics. Recent experimental results from electron scattering at Jefferson Lab strengthen the correlation between the EMC effect and short-range correlated pairs (SRC) of nucleons in nuclei. That means that the EMC effect is probably driven by the high-momentum...
One of the motivations for the recent upgrade of Jefferson Lab was to precisely explore the connection between the fundamental quarks and gluons of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)- the accepted theory of the strong force - and the effective hadron descriptions of the strong interaction. The ultimate goal being an accurate understanding of the emergence of nuclei from QCD. The key experiments of...
In contrast with inclusive measurements on nuclei, detecting hadrons originating from nuclear breakup provide additional control over the nuclear configurations playing a role in the scattering process. On the flip side, however, final-state interactions (FSI) of these breakup products need to be accounted for in the physical interpretation of the measurement. These FSI can obscure the physics...
Recently developed effective theories of QCD in matter have enabled the derivation of medium-induced branching processes as a function of nuclear opacity. I will demonstrate how splitting functions can be derived for both light partons and heavy quarks and discuss how parton showers in matter differ from the ones in the vacuum. These advances allow us to bridge the gap between high energy and...
All information about the initial state of partons in a nucleon/nucleus before a hard scattering takes place is encoded in universal, non-perturbative functions collectively known as “parton distribution functions” (PDFs). Depending on the physical processes and kinematic region studied, different PDFs can be extracted, e.g., unpolarised/polarised PDFs, generalised PDFs, etc. In the...
Neutron-rich nuclei near the limits of nuclear stability are one of the main areas of study at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB). These systems exhibit features common to all open quantum systems due to their weakly bound or unbound character, and also reveal interesting information about the nuclear interaction due to their extreme neutron-to-proton ratios and emergent behaviors....
CARIBU (CAlifornium Rare Isotope Breeder Upgrade) has been operating at the Argonne National Laboratory’s ATLAS facility for over a decade, and it is able to provide neutron-rich isotopic beams harvested from the fission fragment yield following the decay of a 252Cf source of ~1 Ci. These isotopes can be transported to a low-energy experimental hall and their ground state and decay properties...
The Association for Research at University Nuclear Accelerators (ARUNA; http://aruna.physics.fsu.edu) is an association of 13 university-based accelerator laboratories in the United States and the scientists performing research at them. Three ARUNA laboratories have the capability to produce rare-ion beams. Other ARUNA laboratories have developed unique capabilities in mono-energetic neutrons...
A major focus of our group over the past decade has been the study of the continuum structure of p-rich light nuclei using the invariant-mass technique. This effort has led to the discovery of 7 new isotopes beyond (sometime well beyond) the proton drip line. Just as important are the finding of new resonances in previously known nuclei and parameter determination, or refinement, of resonances...
Neutrinoless double beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) is a hypothetical process that two neutrons in a nucleus simultaneously decay to protons, emitting two electrons but no anti-neutrinos. Searching for $0\nu\beta\beta$ is currently considered the only viable experimental technique to test the Majorana nature of neutrinos. As the $0\nu\beta\beta$ process violates lepton number conservation, its...
The COHERENT collaboration operates a suite of neutrino detectors that are located in a basement hallway at the Spallation Neutron Source, at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The detectors in “Neutrino Alley” search for neutrino-nucleus interactions from Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering as well as higher energy Charged and Neutral current inelastic measurements. The results of these...
We perform a universal fit to all available electron scattering data on Carbon and Oxygen and extract the best determination of the Inelastic Coulomb Sum Rule (CSR) as a function of momentum transfer q. The longitudinal Quasielastic (QE) cross section is suppressed by a larger factor then expected from Pauli blocking only. We provide a parameterization of this “extra suppression” for use in...
In the helium nucleus each proton absorbs two neutrons and repels the other proton. In a way, the resultant of these forces is zero, so our structure is stable. given that the repulsion between two protons that is equal to the absorption between an electron and a proton, is much more than the absorption between the neutron and the proton, so it could be concluded that the free space(distance)...
The unexpected downward slope of deep inelastic scattering ratios heavier nuclei to deuterium in the valence quark region is now nearly a 40-year-old puzzle. While a tremendous theoretical effort has gone into understanding the root cause of the effect, the problem wasn’t lack of being able to describe the data, it was that nearly every model could. In the early 21st century,...
